Alan R. Lind, 1940-2015

Alan R. Lind's monumental Chicago Surface Lines: An Illustrated History, was first published by Transport History Press in 1974. This is the expanded Third Edition from 1979.

Alan R. Lind’s monumental Chicago Surface Lines: An Illustrated History, was first published by Transport History Press in 1974. This is the expanded Third Edition from 1979.

It is my great sorrow to report that legendary railfan author Alan R. Lind died on May 30 in Park Forest, Illinois, at the age of 75. There is a very brief obituary here.

Mr. Lind was best known as the author of Chicago Surface Lines: An Illustrated History, which appeared in three different editions between 1974 and 1979.

I can’t say that I knew the man personally, but I think anyone who ever read a copy of the CSL book probably feels as if they have lost a close friend. It’s hard to imagine now, because times have changed, but when I first spotted a copy of the “Lind book,” as people tend to call it, I could hardly believe it was possible. This was a crucial event in my gradual discovery of what Ray DeGroote refers to as the “intelligence network” of railfanning.

To a young man such as myself, in the basement of the legendary Kroch’s and Brentano’s bookstore on Wabash Avenue in Chicago, Lind’s CSL book looked like something that had come from another planet— a planet where people actually appreciated streetcars, instead of wanting simply to get rid of them and replace them with rubber-tired buses.

The late James D. Johnson (later known as Julie Johnson) had published A Century Of Chicago Streetcars, 1858-1958 in 1964, just six years after the last Chicago streetcar ran. This was a good start, although nowhere near as voluminous or comprehensive as Lind’s singular achievement.

Both Johnson and Lind helped to rescue the Chicago streetcar from the “dustbin of history,” where it had been consigned to oblivion effective June 21, 1958. The Lind book set a standard against which all such later books had to be judged, and it has been a classic for more than 40 years now.

Using the technology of its time, the author was unable to include any color photographs in this handsome volume. Recent improvements in technology have finally made it possible to create an all-color Chicago streetcar book. This has at last been realized with the publication earlier this month of Chicago Streetcar Pictorial: The PCC Car Era, 1936-1958, as Bulletin 146 by the Central Electric Railfans’ Association. I am proud to say that I am a co-author of B-146.

During the course of our research, I wrote Mr. Lind a letter, letting him know what we were trying to accomplish, and asking if he had any useful information he might have learned since the publication of his book that he might want to share with us. Unfortunately, he never wrote back.

So while I am fairly certain he did know that such a book was in the works, he did not live quite long enough to see it come to fruition. I regret he will not be able to give us his opinion about it.

Sir Issac Newton once said that “If I have seen further it is only by standing on the shoulders of giants.” Anyone who presumes to write a book about Chicago streetcars can hardly do otherwise.

And of these various giants, there is no one who looms larger in his chosen field than the late Alan R. Lind.

-David Sadowski

PS- Mr. Lind was also author of:

From Horsecars to Streamliners: An Illustrated History of the St. Louis Car Company – 1978

Twin City Rapid Transit Pictorial – 1984

Limiteds Along the Lakefront: The Illinois Central in Chicago – 1986

From the Lakes of the Gulf- The Illinois Central Story – 1993

The Chicago Surface Lines logo on experimental pre-PCC car 4001, as it looked in 1951 when the car was in storage at South Shops.

The Chicago Surface Lines logo on experimental pre-PCC car 4001, as it looked in 1951 when the car was in storage at South Shops.

Chicago PCC Mystery Photos Answers

#57 - sderailway says, "rt 22 no. 4276 southbound on S. Clark St. @ 16th." (Passing under the St. Charles Air Line.)

#57 – sderailway says, “rt 22 no. 4276 southbound on S. Clark St. @ 16th.” (Passing under the St. Charles Air Line.)

We received several great submissions to our latest “Mystery Photo Contest” featuring Chicago’s PCCs. Here are the answers we received to date.

Looks like we now have locations for all the pictures. We also got the best captions ever from our keen-eyed readers. Thanks to everyone who contributed.

Andre Kristopans provided the best overall answers, and is therefore the contest winner. Congratulations, Andre!

Thanks.

-The Editor

PS- As noted below, pictures #28 and 29 were taken in sequence, apparently by the same photographer. But we got them from two different sources.

#56 - sderailway says,

#56 – sderailway says, “a rt 22 Clark-Howard car 4233 heads north near 16th / 15th sts on S Clark St.” (Passing under the St. Charles Air Line.)

George Foelschow says, "Photo #55 I believe the car is on Clark northbound at Diversey Parkway bound either for Broadway or Clark. One hint is the globe on post streetlights on Diversey, denoting a parkway. On the left at Pine Grove is a historic apartment building, notable for its interior court with an open cage elevator."

George Foelschow says, “Photo #55 I believe the car is on Clark northbound at Diversey Parkway bound either for Broadway or Clark. One hint is the globe on post streetlights on Diversey, denoting a parkway. On the left at Pine Grove is a historic apartment building, notable for its interior court with an open cage elevator.”

Andre Kristopans says,

Andre Kristopans says, “#54 is on Wentworth, probably around 70th or so.”

#53 - Dan Cluley locates this as Clark looking north from Monroe.

#53 – Dan Cluley locates this as Clark looking north from Monroe.

#52 - sderailway writes, "car 7236 will turn north from eastbound on Cermak." Bill Shapotkin adds, "A chartered car, turning from N/B Wentworth into E/B Cermak. View looks S-S/W."

#52 – sderailway writes, “car 7236 will turn north from eastbound on Cermak.” Bill Shapotkin adds, “A chartered car, turning from N/B Wentworth into E/B Cermak. View looks S-S/W.”

#51 - Len Marcus says, "Eastbound on Cermak turning northbound onto Clark Street." Bill Shapotkin: "A N/B car, turning from W/B Cermak into N/B Clark. View looks West. (By the way -- that bridge on the NYC/ROCK (now just Metra's Rock Island District) is still standing -- and looking a good as ever."

#51 – Len Marcus says, “Eastbound on Cermak turning northbound onto Clark Street.” Bill Shapotkin: “A N/B car, turning from W/B Cermak into N/B Clark. View looks West. (By the way — that bridge on the NYC/ROCK (now just Metra’s Rock Island District) is still standing — and looking a good as ever.”

Andre Kristopans says,

Andre Kristopans says, “#50 is on 81st between Halsted and Vincennes, the bridges are the BRC and Western Indiana. Rock Island bridge is behind photographer.”

#49 - George Foelschow says, "Orphans 4001 and 7001 in storage at 77th Street."

#49 – George Foelschow says, “Orphans 4001 and 7001 in storage at 77th Street.”

M. E. writes, "Photo #48 was taken very close to where photos #56 and #57 were taken. The view is Clark St. looking north from roughly 1500 South. You can see that Clark St. ascends to meet Roosevelt Rd. The railroad embankment to the left led into LaSalle St. station, at Van Buren and LaSalle. Railroad companies that used this embankment were the New York Central (but not the Big Four and Michigan Central subsidiaries that used the Illinois Central station), Rock Island, and Nickel Plate. At this particular location, the Rock Island stored its commuter cars between morning and evening rush hour. To the right are freight warehouses being served by Lifschultz fast freight. The opposite side of the freight houses fronted the tracks that led to Dearborn Station at Polk and Dearborn. Those companies included Chicago and Western Indiana; Chicago and Eastern Illinois; Chicago, Indianapolis and Louisville, a.k.a. Monon; Wabash; Erie; and Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe." Bill Shapotkin says, "looking N/B on Clark St JUST NORTH of the C&WI overcrossing. To the left is the NYC/ROCK. You certainly would not recognize this location today!"

M. E. writes, “Photo #48 was taken very close to where photos #56 and #57 were taken. The view is Clark St. looking north from roughly 1500 South. You can see that Clark St. ascends to meet Roosevelt Rd. The railroad embankment to the left led into LaSalle St. station, at Van Buren and LaSalle. Railroad companies that used this embankment were the New York Central (but not the Big Four and Michigan Central subsidiaries that used the Illinois Central station), Rock Island, and Nickel Plate. At this particular location, the Rock Island stored its commuter cars between morning and evening rush hour. To the right are freight warehouses being served by Lifschultz fast freight. The opposite side of the freight houses fronted the tracks that led to Dearborn Station at Polk and Dearborn. Those companies included Chicago and Western Indiana; Chicago and Eastern Illinois; Chicago, Indianapolis and Louisville, a.k.a. Monon; Wabash; Erie; and Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe.” Bill Shapotkin says, “looking N/B on Clark St JUST NORTH of the C&WI overcrossing. To the left is the NYC/ROCK. You certainly would not recognize this location today!”

A contemporary view of the same area as #48, looking north from approximately 1500 S. Clark.

A contemporary view of the same area as #48, looking north from approximately 1500 S. Clark.

Andre Kristopans says,

Andre Kristopans says, “#47 is at 119th and Halsted. Car just made right turn off Halsted onto 119th and is crossing PRR tracks.”

#46 - Dave in NJ says, "southbound crossing the future congress expressway, with MET L Halsted station in the backround." Bill Shapotkin: "a S/B Halsted car (with a #42 sign?), has just x/o under the Garfield Park 'L' and is on the bridge over the abuilding Congress Expressway. View looks north."

#46 – Dave in NJ says, “southbound crossing the future congress expressway, with MET L Halsted station in the backround.” Bill Shapotkin: “a S/B Halsted car (with a #42 sign?), has just x/o under the Garfield Park ‘L’ and is on the bridge over the abuilding Congress Expressway. View looks north.”

#45 - Len Marcus says, "Looking south on Clark Street, at Southport, northbound Green Hornet and end of the line (route 9 Ashland)." Bill Wasik adds, "Clark & Southport – View south/southwest. The big Pabst roof neon was on top of a Pabst distributorship that occupied most of this triangular block. Of course, it was only a few blocks north of Wrigley Field, where Pabst had an exclusive with the Cubs for many years. Beer hobbyists may note not only the Pabst display, but also the nearly-unreadable red sign on an apartment building on Southport, visible through tree branches at the far right of the photo. This was a sign for Fox DeLuxe, but not the usual circa 1940 “Just Taste It!” signage that still can be seen on several buildings around town, even after 75 years. Instead, the Southport sign was perhaps the last of the Fox painted walls that went up at the dawn of Repeal, when the Peter Fox brewery introduced draft beer in a half-gallon bottle. This ad space on Southport wasn’t good, largely hidden from traffic, which may explain why the sign was never painted over. Back in the mid-1960’s, it was still visible-enough for me to make it the subject of a 35mm slide, one I wish I still had. In any case, Fox DeLuxe fans even today can search 4117 N. Southport on Google Maps Street View to see what traces of this rare ad remain visible today." Bill Shapotkin: "Looking S/B at Clark/Southport. PCC at left is a N/B Clark St car -- at right are Ashland Ave cars in Southport."

#45 – Len Marcus says, “Looking south on Clark Street, at Southport, northbound Green Hornet and end of the line (route 9 Ashland).” Bill Wasik adds, “Clark & Southport – View south/southwest. The big Pabst roof neon was on top of a Pabst distributorship that occupied most of this triangular block. Of course, it was only a few blocks north of Wrigley Field, where Pabst had an exclusive with the Cubs for many years.
Beer hobbyists may note not only the Pabst display, but also the nearly-unreadable red sign on an apartment building on Southport, visible through tree branches at the far right of the photo. This was a sign for Fox DeLuxe, but not the usual circa 1940 “Just Taste It!” signage that still can be seen on several buildings around town, even after 75 years. Instead, the Southport sign was perhaps the last of the Fox painted walls that went up at the dawn of Repeal, when the Peter Fox brewery introduced draft beer in a half-gallon bottle.
This ad space on Southport wasn’t good, largely hidden from traffic, which may explain why the sign was never painted over. Back in the mid-1960’s, it was still visible-enough for me to make it the subject of a 35mm slide, one I wish I still had. In any case, Fox DeLuxe fans even today can search 4117 N. Southport on Google Maps Street View to see what traces of this rare ad remain visible today.” Bill Shapotkin: “Looking S/B at Clark/Southport. PCC at left is a N/B Clark St car — at right are Ashland Ave cars in Southport.”

Clark and Southport today. The same view as picture #45.

Clark and Southport today. The same view as picture #45.

M. E. writes, "I am quite surprised that no one identified the location of photo #44. The photographer was on the westbound Englewood L platform at 63rd Place and Halsted, looking north to the heart of Englewood, 63rd and Halsted. The old red car on 63rd St. indicates that this photo was taken before the pre-war PCCs were transferred from Madison to 63rd. When this photo was taken, Englewood was almost certainly the largest commercial district outside the Loop. 63rd and Halsted was the center, but the Halsted business district ran from about 59th to 69th, and the 63rd business district ran from Wentworth west to Ashland. Things that are in this photo: -- The big building on the northeast corner is Sears Roebuck. In the basement was a Hillman's Pure Food grocery store. -- The three-story building on the northwest corner is the Ace department store. As I recall, it was rather dumpy. I distinctly remember all the ceiling fans that provided the only summertime ventilation -- NOT! -- On the southwest corner is S S Kresge, the forerunner of K Mart. Kresge and Woolworth's were 5-and-10-cent (a.k.a. dime) stores. The Kresge store had a doughnut manufacturing line in the windows along 63rd St. They made fresh doughnuts and sold them for 3 cents each. I also remember seeing a lot of store employees, unlike the ensuing K Mart and its ilk. -- See the small newsstand on the southeast corner? I helped an older man sell newspapers there. We sold the morning Tribune and Sun-Times for 4 cents, and the evening Daily News and Herald American for 5 cents. I think the Sunday Sun-Times and Herald American cost 15 cents, and the Trib was 20 cents. The Trib was so much fatter than the other two, it was worth the difference. (The Daily News published its weekend edition on Saturday.) We also sold the Southtown Economist, which today is the Southtown Star. Their printing plant was on Union Ave. (700 West) south of 65th St., not far from 63rd and Halsted. -- North of 63rd along Halsted are two movie theaters. On the east side of Halsted around Englewood Ave. (a.k.a. 62nd Place) is the Ace theater, a small old place. Across the street from the Ace is the Empress, a nicer newer place. Heading east on 63rd from Halsted, there were four more movie theaters. The easternmost was the Southtown Theater, which had a tall spire and an ornate lobby with a pond inhabited by swans. Its parking lot was surrounded by a cement Art Deco-style fence that was about a foot wide and easy to walk atop." Bill Wasik adds, "This appears to be the Christmas shopping season on S. Halsted, going by the display in the Sears/Hillman’s window at the right. If this was taken in 1952, the photo sadly was made only days or weeks before six persons were killed in a fire that destroyed the General Furniture store at 6155 S. Halsted. The huge General Furniture sign can be seen in the distance at the right of this photo." Jeff Wien adds, "Circa 1953, after pre-War PCCs were sent to Cottage Grove and post War PCCs were being sent to SLCC. Red Cars ran the last runs on 63rd Street."

M. E. writes, “I am quite surprised that no one identified the location of photo #44. The photographer was on the westbound Englewood L platform at 63rd Place and Halsted, looking north to the heart of Englewood, 63rd and Halsted. The old red car on 63rd St. indicates that this photo was taken before the pre-war PCCs were transferred from Madison to 63rd.
When this photo was taken, Englewood was almost certainly the largest commercial district outside the Loop. 63rd and Halsted was the center, but the Halsted business district ran from about 59th to 69th, and the 63rd business district ran from Wentworth west to Ashland.
Things that are in this photo:
— The big building on the northeast corner is Sears Roebuck. In the basement was a Hillman’s Pure Food grocery store.
— The three-story building on the northwest corner is the Ace department store. As I recall, it was rather dumpy. I distinctly remember all the ceiling fans that provided the only summertime ventilation — NOT!
— On the southwest corner is S S Kresge, the forerunner of K Mart. Kresge and Woolworth’s were 5-and-10-cent (a.k.a. dime) stores. The Kresge store had a doughnut manufacturing line in the windows along 63rd St. They made fresh doughnuts and sold them for 3 cents each. I also remember seeing a lot of
store employees, unlike the ensuing K Mart and its ilk.
— See the small newsstand on the southeast corner? I helped an older man sell newspapers there. We sold the morning Tribune and Sun-Times for 4 cents, and the evening Daily News and Herald American for 5 cents. I think the Sunday Sun-Times and Herald American cost 15 cents, and the Trib was 20 cents. The Trib was so much fatter than the other two, it was worth the difference. (The Daily News published its weekend edition on Saturday.) We also sold the Southtown
Economist, which today is the Southtown Star. Their printing plant was on Union
Ave. (700 West) south of 65th St., not far from 63rd and Halsted.
— North of 63rd along Halsted are two movie theaters. On the east side of Halsted around Englewood Ave. (a.k.a. 62nd Place) is the Ace theater, a small old place. Across the street from the Ace is the Empress, a nicer newer place. Heading east on 63rd from Halsted, there were four more movie theaters. The easternmost
was the Southtown Theater, which had a tall spire and an ornate lobby with a pond inhabited by swans. Its parking lot was surrounded by a cement Art Deco-style fence that was about a foot wide and easy to walk atop.” Bill Wasik adds, “This appears to be the Christmas shopping season on S. Halsted, going by the display in the Sears/Hillman’s window at the right. If this was taken in 1952, the photo sadly was made only days or weeks before six persons were killed in a fire that destroyed the General Furniture store at 6155 S. Halsted. The huge General Furniture sign can be seen in the distance at the right of this photo.”
Jeff Wien adds, “Circa 1953, after pre-War PCCs were sent to Cottage Grove and post War PCCs were being sent to SLCC. Red Cars ran the last runs on 63rd Street.”

#43 - Len Marcus says, "Westbound on Chicago Avenue turning south onto Halsted Street during Halsted Street reroute for bridge reconstruction on Halsted, north of Chicago Avenue." Bill Wasik adds, "This was a favorite spot for the tin sign brigade, with some rarities on display, especially the one for Nectar Beer." Bill Shapotkin: "A S/B Halsted car turning from W/B Chicago into S/B Halsted. Cars are being detoured due to bridgework on Halsted St. (Approx 40 years later, the Halsted busses would do the same detour for the same work on the same bridge -- damn, some things never change.)"

#43 – Len Marcus says, “Westbound on Chicago Avenue turning south onto Halsted Street during Halsted Street reroute for bridge reconstruction on Halsted, north of Chicago Avenue.” Bill Wasik adds, “This was a favorite spot for the tin sign brigade, with some rarities on display, especially the one for Nectar Beer.” Bill Shapotkin: “A S/B Halsted car turning from W/B Chicago into S/B Halsted. Cars are being detoured due to bridgework on Halsted St. (Approx 40 years later, the Halsted busses would do the same detour for the same work on the same bridge — damn, some things never change.)”

M. E. writes, "Photo #42 has to be on Madison St., east of Canal, facing west. Madison ran along the south side of North Western Station, which is clearly identifiable in the picture." Chuck Amstein adds, "Photo #42 is at Clinton and Madison, looking NNE, facing the SW corner of North Western Station. You can see the trainshed (still there today) to the left, which heads north. The raised portion on the roof of the trainshed in the distance is where Washington crosses under and where streetcars entered the Washington streetcar tunnel. Compare this photo with current streetview images." Bill Shapotkin adds, "car 4018, working MADISON ST TEN CENT SHUTTLE (Hope I got the name right) is N/B in Clinton at Madison. The car will momentarily turn into E/B Madison. The LaSalle (right) stood into the 1970s -- had the best damn apple pie you could eat!"

M. E. writes, “Photo #42 has to be on Madison St., east of Canal, facing west. Madison ran along the south side of North Western Station, which is clearly identifiable in the picture.” Chuck Amstein adds, “Photo #42 is at Clinton and Madison, looking NNE, facing the SW corner of North Western Station. You can see the trainshed (still there today) to the left, which heads north. The raised portion on the roof of the trainshed in the distance is where Washington crosses under and where streetcars entered the Washington streetcar tunnel. Compare this photo with current streetview images.” Bill Shapotkin adds, “car 4018, working MADISON ST TEN CENT SHUTTLE (Hope I got the name right) is N/B in Clinton at Madison. The car will momentarily turn into E/B Madison. The LaSalle (right) stood into the 1970s — had the best damn apple pie you could eat!”

Andre Kristopans says,"#41 took some real figuring. Looking west towards Madison and Fifth. Taken on a Sunday as Fifth is a one-man shuttle car connecting with the main route." Bill Shapotkin got this one right also. Note there is a Kaiser-Frazer dealer at right, Parkside Motors, then located at 2810 W. Madison. In later years, Joseph Colucci, the guy who ran it, also owned the Division Street Russian Baths. Bill Shapotkin adds, "Note the safety island in Madison St (the E/B Madison car is P/U psgrs there). This safety island, which continued in service for the #20 -- Madison bus, remained in-service until approx 1980. (It may have been removed in advance of the cul de sacing of 5th Ave.) Believe this was one of, if not the last streetcar safety island to see continued transit use in the City of Chicago. (When VInce Dawson worked night cars on Madison St, I would ride with him frequently and recall seeing the safety island in use.)"

Andre Kristopans says,”#41 took some real figuring. Looking west towards Madison and Fifth. Taken on a Sunday as Fifth is a one-man shuttle car connecting with the main route.” Bill Shapotkin got this one right also. Note there is a Kaiser-Frazer dealer at right, Parkside Motors, then located at 2810 W. Madison. In later years, Joseph Colucci, the guy who ran it, also owned the Division Street Russian Baths.
Bill Shapotkin adds, “Note the safety island in Madison St (the E/B Madison car is P/U psgrs there). This safety island, which continued in service for the #20 — Madison bus, remained in-service until approx 1980. (It may have been removed in advance of the cul de sacing of 5th Ave.) Believe this was one of, if not the last streetcar safety island to see continued transit use in the City of Chicago. (When VInce Dawson worked night cars on Madison St, I would ride with him frequently and recall seeing the safety island in use.)”

#40 - Jeff Wien says, "Devon Station (Ravenswood and Schreiber)."

#40 – Jeff Wien says, “Devon Station (Ravenswood and Schreiber).”

#39 - sderailway says,

#39 – sderailway says, “4071 passes the Civic Opera Bldg on Madison at N. Wacker, June 1950.”

#38 - Dan Cluley identifies this as Madison looking east at Wacker, during construction of Lower Wacker Drive.

#38 – Dan Cluley identifies this as Madison looking east at Wacker, during construction of Lower Wacker Drive.

#37 - George Foelschow says, "Orphans 4001 and 7001 in storage at 77th Street."

#37 – George Foelschow says, “Orphans 4001 and 7001 in storage at 77th Street.”

#36 - Dan Cluley identifies this as Madison looking west at Wacker, during construction of Lower Wacker Drive.

#36 – Dan Cluley identifies this as Madison looking west at Wacker, during construction of Lower Wacker Drive.

#35 - Len Marcus identifies this as

#35 – Len Marcus identifies this as “State and Wacker Drive, Southbound on State Street.”

#34 - sderailway says,

#34 – sderailway says, “rt 4 car 4015 forms a line-up with three other pre-war PCCs as they wait to turn from Cottage Grove Ave onto E 115th St.”

M. E. writes, "Photo #33 was taken on the southeast corner of 95th St. and the part of Cottage Grove Ave. that goes south from 95th St. (The part that goes north is on the other side of the tracks.) The ad atop the viaduct is for the IC's train to Florida, which Wikipedia reminds me was called the City of Miami. Photo #4 has already been identified as being at the same location." Bill Shapotkin: "A S/B COTTAGE GROVE car turns from E/B 95th into S/B Cottage Grove -- just as the replacement bus still does today! Hey -- about that ad sign for the IC to Florida! View looks west."

M. E. writes, “Photo #33 was taken on the southeast corner of 95th St. and the part of Cottage Grove Ave. that goes south from 95th St. (The part that goes north is on the other side of the tracks.) The ad atop the viaduct is for the IC’s train to Florida, which Wikipedia reminds me was called the City of Miami. Photo #4 has already been identified as being at the same location.” Bill Shapotkin: “A S/B COTTAGE GROVE car turns from E/B 95th into S/B Cottage Grove — just as the replacement bus still does today! Hey — about that ad sign for the IC to Florida! View looks west.”

M. E. writes,

M. E. writes, “Photos #32 and #9, I am guessing, are of the 69th and Ashland barn. Streetcars shown here include the pre-war PCCs assigned to 63rd St., the post-war PCCs assigned to Western Ave., and the old red cars assigned everywhere else.”

M. E. writes, "Photo #31 was taken from the southeast corner of Wabash Ave. and Lake St. At that time, Cottage Grove streetcars went through the Loop northbound on State to Lake, east to Wabash, then south. In this view the streetcar is turning from eastbound Lake to southbound Wabash. On the L structure you can see the State / Lake station." Bill Shapotkin: "A S/B COTTAGE GROVE car turns from E/B Lake into S/B Wabash. View looks west."

M. E. writes, “Photo #31 was taken from the southeast corner of Wabash Ave. and Lake St. At that time, Cottage Grove streetcars went through the Loop northbound on State to Lake, east to Wabash, then south. In this view the streetcar is turning from eastbound Lake to southbound Wabash. On the L structure you can see the State / Lake station.” Bill Shapotkin: “A S/B COTTAGE GROVE car turns from E/B Lake into S/B Wabash. View looks west.”

M. E. writes,

M. E. writes, “Photo #30 is on Cottage Grove Ave. south of 95th St., but I don’t know exactly where. The Illinois Central railroad embankment is behind the trees to the west. Possibly this location is opposite the old Pullman plant and the Florence hotel.”

#29 - Andre Kristopans says,

#29 – Andre Kristopans says, “Cottage Grove at about 96th looking south where PROW started. Note same guy in both shots!”

#28 - Andre Kristopans says,

#28 – Andre Kristopans says, “Cottage Grove at about 96th looking south where PROW started. Note same guy in both shots!”

M. E. writes, "Photo #27 had to be taken facing north from the Van Buren and State inner Loop platform. It shows a pre-Christmas scene. The big store on the right was Goldblatt's. Apparently State St. was shared by both the CTA and the Chicago Motor Coach company. This is unusual because the Motor Coach company stuck to the city's boulevard system, and used Michigan Ave. downtown. This photo pre-dates 1952, when the Motor Coach company merged into the CTA." Bill Shapotkin: "Looking N/B on State St from State/Van Buren "L" station."

M. E. writes, “Photo #27 had to be taken facing north from the Van Buren and State inner Loop platform. It shows a pre-Christmas scene. The big store on the right was Goldblatt’s. Apparently State St. was shared by both the CTA and the Chicago Motor Coach company. This is unusual because the Motor Coach company stuck to the city’s boulevard system, and used Michigan Ave. downtown. This photo pre-dates 1952, when the Motor Coach company merged into the CTA.” Bill Shapotkin: “Looking N/B on State St from State/Van Buren “L” station.”

#26 - Andre Kristopans says, "Western at the North Branch – old bascule bridge that was replaced about 1968 or so." Bill Wasik adds, "View north toward the old red towers at the Riverview entrance. The Pair-O-Chutes tower can be seen at the left."

#26 – Andre Kristopans says, “Western at the North Branch – old bascule bridge that was replaced about 1968 or so.” Bill Wasik adds, “View north toward the old red towers at the Riverview entrance. The Pair-O-Chutes tower can be seen at the left.”

#25 - Jeff Wien says this is "Devon Station (Ravenswood and Schreiber)."

#25 – Jeff Wien says this is “Devon Station (Ravenswood and Schreiber).”

Dan Cluley writes, "I think #24 is Western & Van Buren. Going over the detailed map in the Lund CSL book, Van Buren is the only line to cross Western with a single Wbd to Nbd connector, and there was an L station there until they tore down the line in 1953." If you compare this view to photos on pages 327-328 of CERA Bulletin 146, you'll see that they match pretty well. This picture must predate construction of the Van Buren temporary trackage for the Garfield Park "L", which probably dates the picture to no later than 1951.

Dan Cluley writes, “I think #24 is Western & Van Buren. Going over the detailed map in the Lund CSL book, Van Buren is the only line to cross Western with a single Wbd to Nbd connector, and there was an L station there until they tore down the line in 1953.” If you compare this view to photos on pages 327-328 of CERA Bulletin 146, you’ll see that they match pretty well. This picture must predate construction of the Van Buren temporary trackage for the Garfield Park “L”, which probably dates the picture to no later than 1951.

#23 - Jeff Wien says, "Cottage Grove-115th." Bill Shapotkin: "line-up of COTTAGE GROVE cars and end-of-line at Bumtown (oh, excuse me -- Kensington), 115th/Cottage Grove. View looks north."

#23 – Jeff Wien says, “Cottage Grove-115th.” Bill Shapotkin: “line-up of COTTAGE GROVE cars and end-of-line at Bumtown (oh, excuse me — Kensington), 115th/Cottage Grove. View looks north.”

Andre Kristopans says,

Andre Kristopans says, “#22 is looking north on Western Av about 54th. Boulevard is on right. Note the appalling condition of the street, half brick, half patches. Must have been absolutely awful to drive on! At the time, going from Avenue to Blvd at 54th meant a full right and a full left, not the 45-degree connection there now.”

#21 - Len Marcus says this is Western and Berwyn. Bill Shapotkin: "Berwyn/Western Loop. View looks west."

#21 – Len Marcus says this is Western and Berwyn. Bill Shapotkin: “Berwyn/Western Loop. View looks west.”

The Western-Berwyn loop as it looks today.

The Western-Berwyn loop as it looks today.

M. E. writes,

M. E. writes, “Photo #20 could be the south shops at 77th and Vincennes. It seems that all junked streetcars were there at first before being shipped out for scrap.”

M. E. writes, "Photo #19 was taken along Madison St. from the south side of the street, west of the Chicago River. In the distance can be seen the Loop L along Wells St. To the right of the photographer was the old eastern half of Union Station that paralleled the river. To the left of the photographer was the old Chicago Daily News building at 400 W. Madison. Underneath the photographer were tracks used by the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific (a.k.a. Milwaukee Road) into Union Station, two blocks south between Adams and Jackson. Those tracks are still used today by Metra." However, George Foelschow opines, "Photo #19 is not Madison Street. The Civic Opera House would show in the background at the left. There would be a multi-story building on Wacker on the northeast corner. I believe it is on either the Monroe or Adams bridge, most likely Monroe."

M. E. writes, “Photo #19 was taken along Madison St. from the south side of the street, west of the Chicago River. In the distance can be seen the Loop L along Wells St. To the right of the photographer was the old eastern half of Union Station that paralleled the river. To the left of the photographer was the old Chicago Daily News building at 400 W. Madison. Underneath the photographer were tracks used by the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific (a.k.a. Milwaukee Road) into Union Station, two blocks south between Adams and Jackson. Those tracks are still used today by Metra.” However, George Foelschow opines, “Photo #19 is not Madison Street. The Civic Opera House would show in the background at the left. There would be a multi-story building on Wacker on the northeast corner. I believe it is on either the Monroe or Adams bridge, most likely Monroe.”

#18 - Andre Kristopans says,

#18 – Andre Kristopans says, “NB car on Western, looks like around Chicago, probably closer to Grand.”

#17 - sderailway says,

#17 – sderailway says, “on the museum loop in Grant Park,” near Soldier Field and the Field Museum of Natural History.

#16 - sderailway says,

#16 – sderailway says, “Madison and N. Wacker looking west, June 1950.”

#15 - Andre Kristopans says,

#15 – Andre Kristopans says, “on 120th between Halsted and Morgan EB, note #119 bus turning right off Morgan in background heading west down 120th towards Vincennes and 111th.”

#14 - M. E. writes, "Judging by the curvature in the street, this could be on Wabash Ave. just north of the Chicago River. The photographer's location would be where the combined Sun-Times / Daily News building stood, which I believe is now a Trump building. If I am correct, then the 36 Broadway-State streetcar was being detoured on Wabash, perhaps during a reconstruction of the State St. bridge." This is also near the future site of Marina City.

#14 – M. E. writes, “Judging by the curvature in the street, this could be on Wabash Ave. just north of the Chicago River. The photographer’s location would be where the combined Sun-Times / Daily News building stood, which I believe is now a Trump building. If I am correct, then the 36 Broadway-State streetcar was being detoured on Wabash, perhaps during a reconstruction of the State St. bridge.” This is also near the future site of Marina City.

#13 - Jeff Wien says this is "Museum Loop at Roosevelt & Michigan westbound."

#13 – Jeff Wien says this is “Museum Loop at Roosevelt & Michigan westbound.”

#12 - Andre Kristopans says,

#12 – Andre Kristopans says, “looking north on Western at Bross (roughly 33rd) just south of South Branch in the area that was totally rebuilt in 1941 with new bridges.”

#11 - Dan Cluley says this is State looking north from the

#11 – Dan Cluley says this is State looking north from the “L” at Van Buren.

#10 - Dan Cluley ids this as Roosevelt passing over State.

#10 – Dan Cluley ids this as Roosevelt passing over State.

M. E. writes,

M. E. writes, “Photos #32 and #9, I am guessing, are of the 69th and Ashland barn. Streetcars shown here include the pre-war PCCs assigned to 63rd St., the post-war PCCs assigned to Western Ave., and the old red cars assigned everywhere else.”

#8 - M. E. writes,

#8 – M. E. writes, “This must be along Halsted St. during construction of the Congress Expressway. The view is facing northeast.”

#7 - Jeff Wien says this is "69th Street Station (not 77th, PCC ran on Western, Red Cars on Ashland)."

#7 – Jeff Wien says this is “69th Street Station (not 77th, PCC ran on Western, Red Cars on Ashland).”

Andre Kristopans says,

Andre Kristopans says, “#6 is about a block south of #12, NB car about to go under Western Blvd overpass.”

#5 - Andre Kristopans says,

#5 – Andre Kristopans says, “now here is a weird one. This is a car turning into Western and 79th terminal. Google Earth streetview confirms building behind rear of car is still there with the odd corner treatment. However, car has a “Wentworth” side sign. Most likely a pullout from 77th, and motorman has forgotten to change side sign!”

The same location as picture #5 as it looks today.

The same location as picture #5 as it looks today.

#4 - sderailway says this is east 95th and Cottage Grove looking north.

#4 – sderailway says this is east 95th and Cottage Grove looking north.

According to Andre Kristopans, "#3 is looking west on Division at Crosby. Cars are on detour via Halsted-Division-Crosby-Larrabee-Chicago-Halsted." The Ogden overpass, since demolished, is at rear.

According to Andre Kristopans, “#3 is looking west on Division at Crosby. Cars are on detour via Halsted-Division-Crosby-Larrabee-Chicago-Halsted.” The Ogden overpass, since demolished, is at rear.

#2 - Jeff Wien identifies this as "63rd Place near Narragansett."

#2 – Jeff Wien identifies this as “63rd Place near Narragansett.”

Andre Kristopans says,

Andre Kristopans says, “#1 is on Cottage Grove, looks like about 101st looking north.”

Chicago Day at IRM

4391 at Depot St.

4391 at Depot St.

Last Saturday (June 20th) was Chicago Day at the Illinois Railway Museum, and I am glad to have made the trip in spite of the lack of sunshine for pictures (well, there were maybe a few seconds of sun in the afternoon).  They were running lots of Chicago equipment, naturally, including PCC 4391, to mark the 57th anniversary of when the last streetcar ran in Chicago (the actual anniversary was Sunday, the 21st).

June 20th actually was a different abandonment anniversary, however, as it marked exactly 50 years since the last Milwaukee trolley bus ran, thus ending the traction era there.  Fittingly, IRM ran the Milwaukee coach, for the first time in six years, now that the overhead has been put back in.  If you have never ridden on a trolley bus, they zip right along and were very popular with the public.  I have many fond memories of riding the Chicago versions.  (An ex-Seattle trolley coach was also running.)

Unfortunately we did not have a chance to ride the CA&E train or the two-car train of Chicago wooden “L” cars that was running.  But with the 4th of July and the annual Trolley Pageant just around the corner, you can be sure that we’ll be back.

-David Sadowski

PS- This our 50th post on this blog, and we would like to thank everyone who has read it.  To date we have had 41,576 page views and have been visited by 12,462 individuals, so I’d say we are off to a good start after our first five months.

We’ve also just set a new record for page views in one month. By the end of June, we expect to have more than 11,000.

If you enjoy the pictures of PCC 4391, don’t forget our newest Trolley Dodger Press publication Chicago’s PCC Streetcars: The Rest of the Story, which you can find in our online store.

The Skokie Swift, or Yellow Line as it is now called, doesn't make the trip between Howard and Dempster in 8 minutes right now, since the embankment gave way last month. Press reports say it will be out of action until October, but meanwhile this old sign is a reminder of swifter days that once were.

The Skokie Swift, or Yellow Line as it is now called, doesn’t make the trip between Howard and Dempster in 8 minutes right now, since the embankment gave way last month. Press reports say it will be out of action until October, but meanwhile this old sign is a reminder of swifter days that once were.

The Milwaukee trolley coach prepares to loop.

The Milwaukee trolley coach prepares to loop.

Half of a 2000-series married pair, currently separated, is stored at 50th Avenue station.

Half of a 2000-series married pair, currently separated, is stored at 50th Avenue station.

The articulated Seattle trolley coach.

The articulated Seattle trolley coach.

The conductor's station on Chicago PCC 4391.

The conductor’s station on Chicago PCC 4391.

Interior of the 4391.

Interior of the 4391.

Taking tickets.

Taking tickets.

Enter at rear, exit at the front.

Enter at rear, exit at the front.

A two-car CA&E interurban made up of 431 and 409.

A two-car CA&E interurban made up of 431 and 409.

CTA 41 heads up a two car train of single car units. I used to ride these cars on the Evanston Express.

CTA 41 heads up a two car train of single car units. I used to ride these cars on the Evanston Express.

Operator's station on car 41. When fares were collected on board the train in Evanston, there would have been a farebox installed here.

Operator’s station on car 41. When fares were collected on board the train in Evanston, there would have been a farebox installed here.

Steam is alive and well at Union.

Steam is alive and well at Union.

Back end of the

Back end of the “L” train.

The

The “blind side” of 4391.

4391 almost looks ready to back into traffic at the

4391 almost looks ready to back into traffic at the “wye” at 81st and Halsted.

Three sets of doors allow for lots of people to board the streetcar quickly.

Three sets of doors allow for lots of people to board the streetcar quickly.

CTA wooden

CTA wooden “L” car 1024, being restored to its original condition as #24.

Facts about car 1024.

Facts about car 1024.

Since this was the 50th anniversary of the end of Milwaukee traction, I thought it would be fitting to include a picture of Milwaukee car 972.

Since this was the 50th anniversary of the end of Milwaukee traction, I thought it would be fitting to include a picture of Milwaukee car 972.

While in general railfans like to take pictures without anyone in them, this shows that people enjoyed riding the Milwaukee trolley bus.

While in general railfans like to take pictures without anyone in them, this shows that people enjoyed riding the Milwaukee trolley bus.

Now a shot sans visitors.

Now a shot sans visitors.

Dark clouds started approaching late in the afternoon. Soon it began to rain, and closing time at the museum was near.

Dark clouds started approaching late in the afternoon. Soon it began to rain, and closing time at the museum was near.

A close-up view, showing a classic C-165 controller.

A close-up view, showing a classic C-165 controller.

This shows the differences between CA&E cars 409, the sole Pullman saved in its class, and 431.

This shows the differences between CA&E cars 409, the sole Pullman saved in its class, and 431.

With bad weather approaching, we bade farewell to IRM. Maybe next time we'll get to ride these cars.

With bad weather approaching, we bade farewell to IRM. Maybe next time we’ll get to ride these cars.

Chicago PCC Mystery Photos – Part 2

#13

#13

To take note of the 57th anniversary of when the last Chicago streetcar ran, we’re having another “Mystery Photo Contest” featuring Chicago’s PCCs. The actual anniversary is today (June 21st), and we have enough pictures to do this in two parts. Part One was posted yesterday.

Tell us something interesting about these photos– the who, what, when, where and how. We will print the most interesting answers once the contest is finished.

The winner will receive a copy of our newest Trolley Dodger Press publication Chicago’s PCC Streetcars: The Rest of the Story, which you can find in our online store.

You can send in your submissions as comments to this post or via e-mail to: thetrolleydodger@gmail.com

The deadline for Part Two of this contest is midnight Chicago time on Tuesday, June 23rd. There may be separate winners for both parts of the contest. The photos are numbered (i.e., #1, etc.) in the captions, so please refer to these numbers in your answers.

As always,clicking on each picture with your mouse should bring up a larger version in your browser.

Good luck!

-Ye Olde Editor

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Chicago PCC Mystery Photos – Part 1

#41

#41

To take note of the 57th anniversary of when the last Chicago streetcar ran, we’re having another “Mystery Photo Contest” featuring Chicago’s PCCs. The actual anniversary is June 21st.  You can find Part Two here.

Tell us something interesting about these photos– the who, what, when, where and how. We will print the most interesting answers once the contest is finished.

The winner will receive a copy of our newest Trolley Dodger Press publication Chicago’s PCC Streetcars: The Rest of the Story, which you can find in our online store.

You can send in your submissions as comments to this post or via e-mail to: thetrolleydodger@gmail.com

The deadline for Part One of this contest is midnight Chicago time on Monday, June 22nd. There may be separate winners for both parts of the contest. The photos are numbered (i.e., #41, etc.) in the captions, so please refer to these numbers in your answers.

As always,clicking on each picture with your mouse should bring up a larger version in your browser.

Good luck!

-Ye Olde Editor

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B-146 Arrives

P1050036

My copy of Chicago Streetcar Pictorial: the PCC Car Era 1936-1958, Bulletin 146 from Central Electric Railfans’ Association arrived in today’s post. The publication of this voluminous, comprehensive 448-page book, lavishly illustrated with several hundred great photos, is surely a cause for celebration among all railfans.

I am proud to be co-author of this book, and am very grateful to CERA for publishing it, especially at such a bargain price.  I have seen many other books sell for about the same money as this, but offering only half or even one-quarter of its pages.

On top of this, each copy comes with the Chicago Streetcar Memories DVD, produced by Chicago Transport Memories, LLC, as well as a reproduction of the 1936 Chicago Surface Lines brochure that introduced the “Streamliners.”

Even if you only have a passing interest in streetcars, you still may enjoy this book.  It provides a very thorough and detailed record of what Chicago was like between 1936 and 1958.  Students of “urban archeology” and the “Forgotten Chicago” should have a field day with this book.

The modern streamlined streetcar was itself a beautiful piece of architecture on wheels.  The wide variety of settings it traveled through, captured in so many wonderful photos, produce a winning combination.

Kudos go to my co-author Jeff Wien, who originally conceived of this book some years ago, and to Bradley Criss, who put in a superhuman effort to match the color and density on hundreds of different pictures, and to remove thousands and thousands of scratches and other imperfection from 60-year-old images.  Some individual pictures had more than a thousand scratches on them, each in need of removal.  The photo reproduction in this book is the best of its type that I have ever seen.

If you are already getting a copy of B-146, then you too will soon enough know what I am talking about.  It is one thing to talk about a book in the abstract, and another thing entirely to hold the finished copy in your hands.  It makes a tremendous impression.

If you do not already have a copy on order, I urge you to purchase one.  You can buy yours online directly from CERA.  I would not wait too long, otherwise a book of this quality and value will most likely sell out before too long.  Many past CERA publications are now collector’s items, and this one will likely be one too.

At CERA’s 75th Anniversary Banquet in September 2013, when we first announced this book, I said that we wanted to put it out within the living memory of those people who were fortunate enough to actually ride on Chicago streetcars.  The publication of B-146 makes good on that promise.

In addition, some of the photographers whose work is featured in its pages are still alive, and can enjoy the fruits of their labors on the printed page, side by side with the work of many other legendary figures who are unfortunately are no longer with us.  I would like to thank everyone who took pictures for the book.

Lastly, I would like to thank the members of Central Electric Railfans’ Association for making all this possible, and for their patience during the time it took to produce it.  This book, which is the first full-length bulletin about Chicago streetcars put out by CERA, which was founded in 1938, gives the modern Chicago streetcar its due and rescues it at last from the dustbin of history.

Fortunately, you can ride the last surviving example of a postwar Chicago streetcar, CTA 4391, at the Illinois Railway Museum, a true “museum in motion.”

-David Sadowski

P1050038

Chicago’s streetcars had a great champion in the Chicago Surface Lines.  We celebrate the Chicago PCC by quoting from this CSL brochure, published in November 1939:

Vital to You!

What is–what always has been–the greatest single factor in the growth and development of Chicago?

One of the popular radio quiz programs might well pop that question.

And the answer is easy:

CHICAGO’S STREET RAILWAY SYSTEM is the greatest single factor in the growth and development of the city– and you can check that with the experts!

Many things have happened in the 80 years that have passed since the first horse car line brought the benefits of public transportation to the modest city that was Chicago.

In the romance of surface transportation there is the history of today’s great city. The first car line was the forerunner of State street’s famed shopping district of today. The city had growing pains and the transportation lines were extended, improved, and extended again and again. These extensions made possible the growth of all the important business and residential districts that now dot the city. Wherever the extensions were built there were big increases in property values.

Today, Chicago’s busy population of 3,600,000 requires extensive transportation– good transportation. The Chicago Surface Lines provides it. Its street cars and buses carry more than three-fourths of the people who use local transportation facilities. Its role today is the role it has played through all the years– the dominant transportation service of the city.

The Chicago Surface Lines provides transportation for 2,000,000 riders daily. It is the carrier of “His Majesty”– the Chicago Citizen. If its service were halted for a day chaos would reign, business would be paralyzed. Happily, there are no interruptions of this vital service.

Its gridiron of track and bus routes covers the city so thoroughly that 98 per cent of the people of Chicago live within three blocks of one or more Surface Lines routes. More than 3,500 street cars and 300 gasoline and trolley buses roll over the 1,260 miles of routes to serve Chicagoans day and night.

The Surface Lines is among the largest employers in the city. It carries more than 15,000 persons on its rolls and last year paid more than $27,847,436, which played a significant part in the business of Chicago. More than 60 cents of every dollar collected by the Surface Lines goes out in the form of pay checks and thence into the pockets of the butcher, the baker, the grocery man, the landlord– to the benefit of all Chicago.

The Surface Lines is essential to not only one of the many communities in Chicago. It is important to ALL persons and to ALL communities.

All sections of the city are served by one, two, three or more lines. It is possible to go from one section to another quickly, conveniently and economically on payment of a single fare.

THE CHICAGO SURFACE LINES IS NOT ONLY THE BIGGEST STREET CAR SYSTEM IN THE WORLD– IT IS THE MOST COMPREHENSIVE AND THE BEST.

USE IT OFTEN.


Once you have read your copy of B-146, you might be interested in Chicago’s PCC Streetcars: The Rest of the Story, the latest publication from Trolley Dodger Press.

*Trolley Dodger Press is not affiliated with Central Electric Railfans’ Association.

Chicago’s Postwar PCCs

CSL 4062 in "Pre-View" service, westbound on Harrison at Holden Court on September 17, 1946. (Thomas H. Desnoyers Photo)

CSL 4062 in “Pre-View” service, westbound on Harrison at Holden Court on September 17, 1946. (Thomas H. Desnoyers Photo)

Following up on our previous post about Chicago’s prewar PCC streetcars, here are some classic views of the 600 postwar PCCs delivered to Chicago Surface Lines and the Chicago Transit Authority between 1946 and 1948.

The design of these cars was derived from, and improved upon, those of the 83 prewar PCCs Chicago put into service in 1936-37. CSL experimented with various door arrangements on car 4051, which was tested in service on route 56 – Milwaukee Avenue in 1941.

The City of Chicago developed a transit modernization plan in the late 1930s, calling for the purchase of 1000 modern streetcars to replace CSL’s aging fleet. However, these plans would have to wait until the end of World War II to become a reality. Construction of new streetcars was put off “for the duration” as materials were needed for the war effort.

The Chicago Transit Authority was created by act of the Illinois legislature and approved by voters in Cook County in 1945. CTA took over both CSL and the Chicago Rapid Transit Company on October 1, 1947. However, the Chicago Transit Board, the CTA’s governing body, felt it had a mandate to make improvements even before the takeover.

CSL had a substantial fund set aside for equipment purchases that had been building up for years. The Surface Lines had been under the control of the courts for many years, as it was technically bankrupt. The fledgling CTA had no difficulty in persuading the CSL and the courts to order 600 new PCC streetcars for Chicago in 1945. Due to the size of this order, it was split between Pullman (310 cars) and St. Louis Car Company (290).

The September 12, 1946 Chicago Tribune reported:

First of 600 New Street Cars Arrives in City

The first of the city’s new green and cream colored 1946 streamlined streetcars, which will be in use by the end of the month on the Clark-Wentworth line, was inspected yesterday by management officers of the Chicago Surface lines.

The management group of four trustees and Federal Judge Michael L. Igoe, who has jurisdiction over the reorganization proceedings of the Surface lines company, were taken for a ride in the streamliner, the first of 600 cars on order.

Several new features captured the fancy of the inspectors. Coming in for the most praise were the crank operated windows. For tall persons, windows have been placed above the regular side windows.

Aisles are three inches wider. Another innovation is a no glare windshield which eliminates need for the curtain behind the motorman.

In addition to the Clark-Wentworth line, the cars will also be in use on Broadway-State, Western av. and 63d street lines.

Eventually, the postwar PCCs also ran on the Cottage Grove, Halsted, and Madison lines. Prior to being introduced on Clark-Wentworth, car 4062, the first one delivered, was run in “Pre-View” service in a downtown loop.

The September 16, 1946 Tribune reported:

NEWEST STREET CAR WILL BE IN SERVICE IN LOOP FOR 2 DAYS

Loop visitors will have an opportunity today and tomorrow to inspect Chicago’s first post-war street car which the Chicago Surface Lines has received out of 600 ordered. The new car will operate during the two days in an area bounded by Wabash av. and State, Lake, and Harrison sts.

The public has been invited by surface lines officials to make short trips free of charge to get firsthand information on the new car. It will operate from 9 a. m. to 9 p. m.

The new car, which will be placed on the Madison st. run soon, seats 58 persons and operation is all-electric. The heating system uses only the high temperatures generated by braking.

While the new PCCS were very popular with the public, a “sea change” in management philosophy was already in the offing, even before the Chicago Transit Authority took over the Surface Lines on October 1, 1947, as this Tribune editorial from November 20, 1946 shows:

THE STREET CAR IS DEAD

About all that has happened to the straphangers of this city in the last year is that the Chicago Motor Coach drivers went out on a strike nearly two months ago and are still out. The bus riders, who are a small minority of local transportation passengers, seem to be getting to and from work, tho not without greater inconvenience than they suffered on the buses. Instead of sardining themselves into buses, they sardine themselves into street cars or the “L.”

If the latter systems were offering anything like acceptable service to the public, the strike might prove fatal to the bus company. Its patrons would learn that they could get to work for 8 cents on the street car instead of a dime on the bus. As it is, they undoubtedly will be back on their old corners the first morning they read that the bus strike has been settled.

There isn’t a single form of local transportation in Chicago whose service today isn’t disgraceful. The street car service is the worst altho some elevated patrons might dispute this. The surface lines are, insofar as service to the public is concerned, leaderless. They remain in their second decade of federal court receivership. The court evidently thinks the management is running the company, and the management seems to think the court is. The physical properties are run down, and, still worse, are obsolete.

The street car is dead. With the exception of a few long haul, heavy traffic routes, street cars, which came in before paved streets, are obsolete. They should be replaced by buses. The surface lines themselves recognize this in their extensions of lines. They put in buses because property owners will no longer consent to have street cars run past their doors.

Street cars depreciate property values on every street on which they run. Buses improve them. That has been the almost universal experience in New York, where the street car has virtually disappeared from Manhattan. The deteriorating effect of the street car has been demonstrated in Chicago. The beneficial effect of buses has not been so well proved here for lack of substitution.

street cars, experts assert, can carry more people over a given route than can buses. Very well, then, keep the street cars on perhaps a half dozen heavily traveled routes. The new, high speed, relatively quiet cars that the company is now buying can serve those routes and the thousands of old rattletraps that it is using elsewhere can be junked and replaced with buses. Trolley buses can be justified if they are cheaper than gasoline buses. Their use on certain streets might be permitted, but they, too, are a detriment to adjoining property, altho not as great a one as the rail cars.

This is a good summation of the prevailing philosophy that both CSL and CTA had in 1946. Soon, however, the Chicago Transit Board hired Walter J. McCarter as the first CTA general manager, and even before the 1947 takeover, he had made public his anti-streetcar sentiments.

The last Chicago streetcar ran in the early hours of June 21, 1958. Today, the last surviving postwar Chicago streetcar, #4391, survives in operating condition at the Illinois Railway Museum.

As streetcars undergo a renaissance in many cities throughout the country, there is much more that can be said about Chicago’s PCCs. Please consider purchasing a copy of our new publication Chicago’s PCC Streetcars: The Rest of the Story from our Trolley Dodger Online Store.

This new electronic book will be released on June 21, 2015, the 57th anniversary of when the last Chicago streetcar ran.

-David Sadowski

CTA 4087 at Madison and Franklin on October 1, 1949. (M. D. McCarter Collection)

CTA 4087 at Madison and Franklin on October 1, 1949. (M. D. McCarter Collection)

CTA 4380 at Harrison and Dearborn on June 3, 1958. (Thomas H. Desnoyers Photo)

CTA 4380 at Harrison and Dearborn on June 3, 1958. (Thomas H. Desnoyers Photo)

CTA 7073 eastbound at 115th and Cottage Grove on June 6, 1952. (Thomas H. Desnoyers Photo)

CTA 7073 eastbound at 115th and Cottage Grove on June 6, 1952. (Thomas H. Desnoyers Photo)

CTA 4106 at Madison and Franklin on October 1, 1949.

CTA 4106 at Madison and Franklin on October 1, 1949.

CSL 7065 at South Shops in 1947. (M. D. McCarter Collection)

CSL 7065 at South Shops in 1947. (M. D. McCarter Collection)

CTA 7196 in Wentworth service, circa 1957-58.

CTA 7196 in Wentworth service, circa 1957-58.

CTA 4076 at Madison and Franklin in July 1953. (Thomas H. Desnoyers Photo)

CTA 4076 at Madison and Franklin in July 1953. (Thomas H. Desnoyers Photo)

CSL 4062 in "Pre-View" service, northbound on State near Monroe in September 1946. (CSL Photo)

CSL 4062 in “Pre-View” service, northbound on State near Monroe in September 1946. (CSL Photo)

CSL 4083 at Clark and Roosevelt on May 11, 1947. (M. D. McCarter Collection)

CSL 4083 at Clark and Roosevelt on May 11, 1947. (M. D. McCarter Collection)

CSL 4137 at Clark and Roosevelt on May 11, 1947. (M. D. McCarter Collection)

CSL 4137 at Clark and Roosevelt on May 11, 1947. (M. D. McCarter Collection)

CTA 4363 on Schreiber at Paulina in July, 1948. (M. D. McCarter Collection)

CTA 4363 on Schreiber at Paulina in July, 1948. (M. D. McCarter Collection)

CTA 4345 on August 1, 1953.

CTA 4345 on August 1, 1953.

CTA 4073 at the Madison and Austin loop in July 1951.

CTA 4073 at the Madison and Austin loop in July 1951.

CTA 7258 passes an older car on the State Street bridge. The Chicago Sun-Times building had not yet been built.

CTA 7258 passes an older car on the State Street bridge. The Chicago Sun-Times building had not yet been built.

CTA 7269 at 63rd Place and Narragansett on November 23, 1952. (Thomas H. Desnoyers Photo)

CTA 7269 at 63rd Place and Narragansett on November 23, 1952. (Thomas H. Desnoyers Photo)

CTA 7225 on Clark at Polk on August 26, 1954. (Harold A. Smith Photo)

CTA 7225 on Clark at Polk on August 26, 1954. (Harold A. Smith Photo)

CTA 4159 on Schreiber near Clark on August 1, 1953.

CTA 4159 on Schreiber near Clark on August 1, 1953.

CTA 4066 at Madison and Franklin on October 24, 1948.

CTA 4066 at Madison and Franklin on October 24, 1948.

CTA 7106 at State and Roosevelt on August 6, 1954. (Harold A. Smith Photo)

CTA 7106 at State and Roosevelt on August 6, 1954. (Harold A. Smith Photo)

CTA 4374 on Dearborn at Congress on June 10, 1958. (Thomas H. Desnoyers Photo)

CTA 4374 on Dearborn at Congress on June 10, 1958. (Thomas H. Desnoyers Photo)

CSL 4062 eastbound on Madison near Central Park. (CSL Photo)

CSL 4062 eastbound on Madison near Central Park. (CSL Photo)

CSL 4120 eastbound on 5th Avenue at Independence Boulevard. (Edward Frank Jr. Photo)

CSL 4120 eastbound on 5th Avenue at Independence Boulevard. (Edward Frank Jr. Photo)

CSL 4065 eastbound on Harrison at 5th. (Joe L. Diaz Photo)

CSL 4065 eastbound on Harrison at 5th. (Joe L. Diaz Photo)

CTA 4065 southbound on route 36 Broadway-State, then the longest streetcar line in North America.

CTA 4065 southbound on route 36 Broadway-State, then the longest streetcar line in North America.

CTA 7171 passes the Devon Station (car house) on its way to 81st and Halsted. This picture was taken circa 1955-57.

CTA 7171 passes the Devon Station (car house) on its way to 81st and Halsted. This picture was taken circa 1955-57.

Chicago’s PCC Streetcars: The Rest of the Story

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Trolley Dodger Press is proud to announce the publication of Chicago’s PCC Streetcars: The Rest of the Story, an E-book on data disc.

At its peak, the Chicago Surface Lines operated 3100 streetcars over the largest such system in the world. This included 683 modern PCC streetcars, which ran between 1936 and 1958.

The publication this month of Chicago Streetcar Pictorial: the PCC Era, 1936-1958 by Central Electric Railfans’ Association is an important addition to the historical record. This lavishly illustrated 448-page book includes hundreds of great pictures of Chicago’s PCC streetcars and is a must-have for all serious railfans. If you have not already done so, we urge you to purchase a copy directly from CERA, before it is completely sold out.*

Besides being a picture book, CERA Bulletin 146 includes a detailed history of the rise and fall of the modern streetcar in Chicago. However, as comprehensive as this book is, Chicago streetcars are such a vast subject that it is likely impossible for anyone to have the “last word.” Even in a book as large as this, there were many things that inevitably had to be left out.

With this in mind, David Sadowski, co-author of B-146, has put together a companion volume, an unofficial supplement that helps tell the “rest of the story” about Chicago’s PCC cars. This is an E-Book on a DVD data disc that can be be read on a computer, using Acrobat Reader.

Chicago’s PCC Streetcars: The Rest of the Story includes more than 448 pages of information, including informative essays, hundreds of great photographs, detailed track maps, and a variety of supporting documents. These include the Chicago Transit Authority‘s 1947 modernization program, various CTA annual reports, the 1951 consultant report that recommended Chicago keep its PCCs, and a 1954 Transit Research Study by Werner W. Schroeder, member and vice chairman of the Chicago Transit Board.

The essays examine, among other things, the PCC conversion plan, through which the CTA “recycled” parts from 570 of 600 postwar PCC cars for use on a like number of new rapid transit cars. The author also looks into the circumstances under which Chicago could have retained some sort of streetcar system, the failed effort to build a streetcar subway, CTA’s 1952 takeover of the Chicago Motor Coach Co. bus routes, plans to use the PCCs on the Chicago, Aurora & Elgin, and how transit unification brought about the demise of the streetcar system we did have.

Read this book, and you too will have the “rest of the story!”

For release on June 21, 2015, the 57th anniversary of when the last Chicago streetcar ran.

This title can be pre-ordered now in our Online Store.

A pair of CTA

A pair of CTA “curved door” PCC rapid transit cars being delivered via the North Shore Line in the 1950s. These used parts salvaged from scrapped Chicago PCC streetcars.

*Trolley Dodger Press is not affiliated with Central Electric Railfans’ Association.

The Green Hornet Streetcar Disaster

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This Friday’s (May 23rd) Central Electric Railfans’ Association program features author Craig Allen Cleve, who will discuss his book The Green Hornet Streetcar Disaster.  The following Monday is the 65th anniversary of that tragic accident, where a Chicago Transit Authority PCC car derailed and ran headlong into a gasoline truck.

Cleve’s book is described as follows:

As rush hour came to a close on the evening of May 25, 1950, one of Chicago’s new fast, colorful, streamlined streetcars—known as a Green Hornet—slammed into a gas truck at State Street and 62nd Place. The Hornet’s motorman allegedly failed to heed the warnings of a flagger attempting to route it around a flooded underpass, and the trolley, packed with commuters on their way home, barreled into eight thousand gallons of gasoline. The gas erupted into flames, poured onto State Street, and quickly engulfed the Hornet, shooting flames two hundred and fifty feet into the air. More than half of the passengers escaped the inferno through the rear window, but thirty-three others perished, trapped in front of the streetcar’s back door, which failed to stay open in the ensuing panic. It was Chicago’s worst traffic accident ever—and the worst two-vehicle traffic accident in U.S. history.

Unearthing a forgotten chapter in Chicago lore, The Green Hornet Streetcar Disaster tells the riveting tale of this calamity. Combing through newspaper accounts as well as the Chicago Transit Authority’s official archives, Craig Cleve vividly brings to life this horrific catastrophe. Going beyond the historical record, he tracks down individuals who were present on that fateful day on State and 62nd: eyewitnesses, journalists, even survivors whose lives were forever changed by the accident. Weaving these sources together, Cleve reveals the remarkable combination of natural events, human error, and mechanical failure that led to the disaster, and this moving history recounts them—as well as the conflagration’s human drama—in gripping detail.

You can read more about the accident here.

I realize that discussion of crashes and wrecks is always going to be controversial and not to everyone’s liking.

Ultimately, at least some good did come this horrific accident. Now, emergency exit doors that open outward are installed on transit vehicles all across the country.

In that sense, the 1950 disaster was every bit as important and historic as the 1903 Iroquois Theatre fire, which resulted in numerous safety improvements in theaters– but not in transit vehicles.

However, it seems that not all lessons from 1950 were learned right away. When the CTA began converting some of their PCC streetcars to one-man operation in 1951, their initial design did not include a rear door. It was only when the City of Chicago insisted on a rear door for emergency exit that one was added.

It does not appear as though the 1950 accident had any effect on CTA’s decision to eliminate streetcars and replace them with buses. That change in policy had already been put into effect with the hiring of general manager Walter J. McCarter in 1947.

I commend CERA for courageously scheduling this program. After all, they say that those who do not learn from history are doomed to repeat it.

-David Sadowski

PS- We will follow up this post with two more this week featuring many classic photos of Chicago’s PCC streetcars in action.

The grand jury announces their findings after holding an inquest into the 1950 streetcar disaster.

The grand jury announces their findings after holding an inquest into the 1950 streetcar disaster.

Several nearby buildings burned to the ground in the aftermath to the accident.

Several nearby buildings burned to the ground in the aftermath to the accident.

CTA 7080 at State and 62nd in June 1950, near the site of the tragic collision between car 7078 and a gasoline truck, which took place on May 25.

CTA 7080 at State and 62nd in June 1950, near the site of the tragic collision between car 7078 and a gasoline truck, which took place on May 25.

Chicago’s Pre-PCCs

CSL 7001 at Clark and Ridge in 1938. (M. D. McCarter Collection)

CSL 7001 at Clark and Ridge in 1938. (M. D. McCarter Collection)

The PCC (short for Presidents’ Conference Committee) streetcar has been in continuous use since 1936, a remarkable 79 years. It literally saved the North American streetcar from extinction, but its development took several years and it did not appear in a vacuum. The presidents of several transit companies banded together in 1929 to develop a new, modern streetcar that could compete with buses and automobiles. The first production PCCs were made in 1936, the last in 1952.

The Chicago Surface Lines played an important part in the PCC’s development. Chicago ultimately had 683 PCCs, the largest fleet purchased new by any city, but in actuality CSL had 785 modern cars in all. There were 100 Peter Witt streetcars built in 1929 by a combination of CSL, Brill, and Cummings Car Co., and two experimental pre-PCCs, 4001 (built by Pullman-Standard) and 7001 (Brill), which dated to 1934.

The Peter Witt car was developed by its namesake in Cleveland around 1914 and set the standard for streetcars for the next 20 years. (Chicago’s batch were also referred to as “sedans.”) During the late 1920s and early 1930s, there was a similar type of car known as the “Master Unit*” made by Brill (Pullman-owned Osgood-Bradley made a similar model called the “Electromobile.”)

In conjunction with the 1933-34 Chicago World’s Fair, also known as A Century of Progress, CSL commissioned two experimental streetcars, the 4001 and 7001, with advanced features. (You can read an excellent and very comprehensive history of those cars on the Hicks Car Works blog.)

Of the two cars, the 4001 was more radical in both design and construction, with a streamlined all-aluminum body, but probably the less successful of the two. Both were taken out of service in 1944.  The 4001 is the only pre-PCC car to survive, and is now preserved at the Illinois Railway Museum.  The 7001 was scrapped by CTA in 1959.

Ironically, the 7001, made by J. G. Brill, was closer to the eventual design of the PCC car, although ultimately Brill did not build any true PCCs. The company had a policy not to pay patent royalties to other companies, and refused to do so with PCC technology owned by the Transit Research Corp. (TRC).

In 1935, Capital Transit ordered 20 pre-PCC cars for Washington D. C. based on the design of car 7001, but shorter. The order was split between Brill and St. Louis Car Company. This was an important step, since these were more than simply experimental units. Car 1053 managed to survive the end of streetcar service in Washington DC in 1962, until September 28, 2003 when it was destroyed in a fire at the National Capital Trolley Museum in Maryland.

There were also two additional 1934 experimental cars, the PCC Model A and B, which were used for field testing. The Model A was built in 1929 by Twin Coach and purchased second-hand to test new components. It was tested in Brooklyn circa 1934-35 and was scrapped in 1939.

The streamlined Model B incorporated all the latest PCC developments and was tested in Chicago, arguably the first PCC car operated here. While in use in Brooklyn, the PCC Model B dewired and was involved in an accident with a truck after its brakes failed. This led to the brake systems being redesigned for the first PCCs. The Model B was kept in storage for some time, and although the front end was repaired, it was never again used in service and was scrapped in the early 1950s.

By 1936, the first production PCCs were ready to go and the first one was delivered to Brooklyn and Queens Transit on May 28, 1936. However, Pittsburgh Railways put the first PCC into scheduled public service in August.

Brill’s decision not to build true PCCs ultimately proved fatal. Their 1938-41 “Brilliner” was considered somewhat inferior to the PCC car and few were built. 30 single-ended cars went to Atlantic City, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Cincinnati, while 10 double-ended cars were built for Philadelphia Suburban Transportation Co., where they continued in service into the early 1980s.

These were the last streetcars made by Brill, who had once dominated the industry. Most PCCs were built by the St. Louis Car Company, with a smaller share from Pullman-Standard.

We hope that you will enjoy these pictures of these pre-PCC cars, the ones that laid the groundwork for the “car that fought back,” which continues to serve faithfully and well in a number of North American cities, and hopefully will continue to do so for a long time to come.

-David Sadowski

*According to History of the J. G. Brill Company by Debra Brill, page 173, the Master Unit model was officially introduced in January 1929:

“The idea was to produce standardized cars.  Both ends of the car were to be identical in construction.  Height and width of the car, size and number of windows, seat width and therefore aisle width were to be the same for every unit of a specific type.  The cars were offered in single-or double-truck, and single-or double-end style, with doors located at the ends or with a combination end door and center door.  Master Units could be constructed with steel or aluminum, the difference in weight being about 5,000 pounds.  Interestingly, the cars had curved lower sides very much like the curve used on the lower panels of the Kuhlman and Brill-built cars of a few years previously.  There was nothing patentable about the Master Unit: it was merely a standardized design.

To Brill’s disappointment, buyers did not appear in large numbers.  Only seventy-eight Master Units were built in all, with just two constructed exactly to Brill’s specifications.”

Here is an article about Scranton car 505, one of the last surviving Osgood-Bradley Safety Cars, also known as “Electromobiles,” now in the process of being restored at the Electric City Trolley Museum.  An Electromobile was also the last trolley to run in New York City.

Here is an interesting blog post about the effort to restore the 505.

Here is a video discussing the effort to restore Scranton Electromobile #505:

As an added bonus, as streetcars prepare to return to service in Washington D. C., here are some vintage films showing a variety of streetcars in action, including both PCCs, the 1935 pre-PCCs, and even some older types:

Frank Hicks, of the excellent Hicks Car Works blog, writes:

Very nice job on the Pre-PCC post on your blog!  It’s a great post with some outstanding photos, and of course I appreciate the “plug” as well.

Several of the photos you posted I had never seen before.  The photo of the 4001 in service is really nice; shots of the car in regular use are really pretty rare.  It was quite the “hangar queen” when it was on the CSL.  And the Model B interior shot is fascinating!  I think I saw that rear-end shot somewhere once but I don’t know that I’d ever seen a photo of the car’s interior.  What I found most fascinating is that it appears the car was designed to have left-hand doors fitted in the middle, Boston style (and likely so that it could be used or tested out in Boston, as I think Boston is the only city that had PCCs with this feature).  Close examination of the interior shot shows an inset panel across from the center doors and I bet it was designed for doors to be put there if desired.  It would be interesting to know more about the Model B.  I’m not even sure whether it was set up for one-man or two-man service; the photo makes it clear that there was no conductor’s station forward of the center doors, like the CSL cars had, but it’s possible there was a conductor behind the motorman (I think this was how Brooklyn set up its PCC cars).  Or it could have just been a one-man car.

Anyway, thank you for posting these photos and for posting such large scans of them – fascinating stuff!

CTA Peter Witt 3330 on route 4. These cars were shifted to Cottage Grove from Clark-Wentworth in 1947 after postwar PCCs took over that line.

CTA Peter Witt 3330 on route 4. These cars were shifted to Cottage Grove from Clark-Wentworth in 1947 after postwar PCCs took over that line.

CTA 6282 unloads passengers in the early 1950s. Note the postwar Pullman PCC at rear.

CTA 6282 unloads passengers in the early 1950s. Note the postwar Pullman PCC at rear.

CSL 6300 on route 4 - Cottage Grove in the early CTA era.

CSL 6300 on route 4 – Cottage Grove in the early CTA era.

CSL "Sedan" 6299 on route 4 - Cottage Grove.

CSL “Sedan” 6299 on route 4 – Cottage Grove.

A unique lineup at the 1934 American Transit Association convention in Cleveland. From left, we have the PCC Model A; CSL 4001; CSL 7001, and the PCC Model B. (Krambles-Peterson Archive)

A unique lineup at the 1934 American Transit Association convention in Cleveland. From left, we have the PCC Model A; CSL 4001; CSL 7001, and the PCC Model B. (Krambles-Peterson Archive)

The PCC Model B at Navy Pier. (Chicago Architectural Photographing Co.)

The PCC Model B at Navy Pier. (Chicago Architectural Photographing Co.)

The PCC Model B being demonstrated at Navy Pier. (CSL Photo)

The PCC Model B being demonstrated at Navy Pier. (CSL Photo)

The PCC Model B interior. (Chicago Architectural Photographing Co.)

The PCC Model B interior. (Chicago Architectural Photographing Co.)

CSL 7001 under construction at the Brill plant in 1934.

CSL 7001 under construction at the Brill plant in 1934.

CSL 7001 under construction at the Brill plant in 1934.

CSL 7001 under construction at the Brill plant in 1934.

CSL 7001 on route 36 Broadway-State in 1934.

CSL 7001 on route 36 Broadway-State in 1934.

CSL 7001 at State and Van Buren in 1934.

CSL 7001 at State and Van Buren in 1934.

CSL 7001 at State and Chicago, in World's Fair service, at 9 am on August 29, 1934. (George Krambles Photo)

CSL 7001 at State and Chicago, in World’s Fair service, at 9 am on August 29, 1934. (George Krambles Photo)

CSL 4001 at South Shops on October 23, 1938. (George Krambles Photo)

CSL 4001 at South Shops on October 23, 1938. (George Krambles Photo)

CSL 4001, signed for route 4 Cottage Grove, at South Shops on October 23, 1938. (M. D. McCarter Collection)

CSL 4001, signed for route 4 Cottage Grove, at South Shops on October 23, 1938. (M. D. McCarter Collection)

CSL 4001 in service, probably around 1934.

CSL 4001 in service, probably around 1934.

CSL 4001 on route 22, Clark-Wentworth, probably in the late 1930s.

CSL 4001 on route 22, Clark-Wentworth, probably in the late 1930s.

CSL 4001, sporting a good sized dent, at South Shops. (CSL Photo)

CSL 4001, sporting a good sized dent, at South Shops. (CSL Photo)

CSL 4001 at Kedzie and Van Buren on May 13, 1946. By this time, the car had been out of service for two years. (Joe L. Diaz Photo)

CSL 4001 at Kedzie and Van Buren on May 13, 1946. By this time, the car had been out of service for two years. (Joe L. Diaz Photo)

Capital Transit 1056, a product of the St. Louis Car Co., as it looked in 1935 when new.

Capital Transit 1056, a product of the St. Louis Car Co., as it looked in 1935 when new.

Car 7501, the only Baltimore "Brilliner," in August 1941. Note the so-called "tavern" doors. This car was a sample in anticipation of a larger order that never came. It ran in service from 1939 to 1956. (Jeffrey Winslow Photo)

Car 7501, the only Baltimore “Brilliner,” in August 1941. Note the so-called “tavern” doors. This car was a sample in anticipation of a larger order that never came. It ran in service from 1939 to 1956. (Jeffrey Winslow Photo)

A modern Baltimore "Peter Witt" streetcar, built by Brill in 1930, alongside a PCC, made in 1936 by St. Louis Car Company.

A modern Baltimore “Peter Witt” streetcar, built by Brill in 1930, alongside a PCC, made in 1936 by St. Louis Car Company.

DC Transit pre-PCC streamlined streetcar at the National Capital Trolley Museum in 1993. Part of a 20-car order in 1935, split between Brill and St Louis Car Company. This is a St. Louis Car Company product. Sadly this car was lost to a carbarn fire at the museum in 2003. (John Smatlak Photo)

DC Transit pre-PCC streamlined streetcar at the National Capital Trolley Museum in 1993. Part of a 20-car order in 1935, split between Brill and St Louis Car Company. This is a St. Louis Car Company product. Sadly this car was lost to a carbarn fire at the museum in 2003. (John Smatlak Photo)

1053 interior. (John Smatlak Photo)

1053 interior. (John Smatlak Photo)

1053 interior. (John Smatlak Photo)

1053 interior. (John Smatlak Photo)

Scranton Transit 508, an "Electromobile," was built by Osgood-Bradley Co in 1929. It was another attempt at a modern standardized streetcar in the pre-PCC era.

Scranton Transit 508, an “Electromobile,” was built by Osgood-Bradley Co in 1929. It was another attempt at a modern standardized streetcar in the pre-PCC era.

Baltimore Peter Witt 6146. Don's Rail Photos says it was "built by Brill in 1930 and retired in 1955." Sister car 6119 is at the Baltimore Streetcar Museum, while 6144 is at Seashore. These were some of the most modern cars around, prior to the PCCs.

Baltimore Peter Witt 6146. Don’s Rail Photos says it was “built by Brill in 1930 and retired in 1955.” Sister car 6119 is at the Baltimore Streetcar Museum, while 6144 is at Seashore. These were some of the most modern cars around, prior to the PCCs.

Baltimore Transit Company car 6105, shown here on route 15 - Ostend St., is one of the last modern streetcars built before PCCs took over the market. The sign on front says that September 7 will be the last day for 6 hour local rides. Perhaps that can help date the picture.

Baltimore Transit Company car 6105, shown here on route 15 – Ostend St., is one of the last modern streetcars built before PCCs took over the market. The sign on front says that September 7 will be the last day for 6 hour local rides. Perhaps that can help date the picture.

Indianapolis Railways 146, shown here on a special run in 1949, was a Brill "Master Unit" but appears very similar to the Baltimore Peter Witts. This car was built in 1933, one of the last streetcars built before the PCC era. Brill tried to sell street railways on standardized cars (hence the name "Master Units") but as you might expect, no two orders were identical.

Indianapolis Railways 146, shown here on a special run in 1949, was a Brill “Master Unit” but appears very similar to the Baltimore Peter Witts. This car was built in 1933, one of the last streetcars built before the PCC era. Brill tried to sell street railways on standardized cars (hence the name “Master Units”) but as you might expect, no two orders were identical.